To CASE A HYPERTENSION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

To CASE A HYPERTENSION - Essay Example ctor additionally discovered rales of pops on his chest upon auscultation and this represents a hazard as Dr Ally may endure a cardiovascular breakdown which is his primary issue. This is the motivation behind why the specialist requested him to take some rest and restart his hypertension prescription to control the looming condition (Kataoka and Matsuno, 2008). As indicated by the contextual investigation, Dr. Partner is experiencing pathophysiological changes in his eyes and heart inferable from the way that he as of late endured an episode of epistaxis which alludes to extreme nose dying, wooziness and an obscured vision. For example, the hazy vision can be ascribed to harmed veins in any case alluded to as retinopathy and whenever left untreated this could result to visual impairment. Then again, the looming cardiovascular breakdown could be brought about by harmed courses and this could be lethal (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2012). As per the specialist, the patient could have created congestive cardiovascular breakdown (CHF) because of hypertension, a condition that makes the heart debilitate accordingly rendering it unfit to do its siphoning exercises ordinarily. For this situation, the patient could be experiencing left sided cardiovascular breakdown and this can be clarified by the rales of snaps on his chest which the specialist experienced upon auscultation. Moreover, his sentiments of weakness after work and his creating of dyspnea while climbing the steps are another unmistakable sign that he has a left sided cardiovascular breakdown. Treatment for this condition incorporates drugs for hypertension just as a methodology known as cardiovascular catheterization which is utilized in unblocking the heart conduits. The specialist is additionally prone to encourage his patient to leave on an adjustment in way of life where he should quit taking alcoholic substances, go delicate on salt and furthermore enjoy ordinary moderate activities. A portion of the medicine liable to be regulated incorporates Beta-blockers, Digitalis, Diuretics which incorporate triamterene, furosemide, spironolactone, bumetanide

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Marriott Hotel International Total Quality Management

Brief presentation of Marriott Hotel International Marriott inn universal is one of the biggest housing organizations all inclusive. This organization has moved in excess of 68 nations under the administration of Mr. Marriott who is the administrator and the CEO officer.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Marriott Hotel International Total Quality Management explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The authority of Marriott is considered as an achievement of this organization as it began as a family café to a worldwide housing business. As the pioneer of the organization, the director says that, the company’s principle vision is lead in offering dwelling administrations on the planet. The vision of this organization is grounded on a few issues like taking great consideration of the visitors, ownership of wide working information, utilizing gifted and differing workforce, lastly offering a standout amongst other housing administrations. Under the authority of Marriott, the organization has for quite a while kept on getting a charge out of a solid client base, and an improving development of productivity. The inception and advancement of Total Quality Management The all out quality administration is a hypothesis applied in the majority of associations in endeavors of improving quality and execution to meet or surpass customers’ needs. The main path through which the organization can accomplish this, is through utilization of value capacities and administrations in the whole organization (Mukherjee, 2006). The complete quality administration fuses the general quality activities taken by an organization, for example, quality turn of events, quality control, or more all guaranteeing there is quality affirmation in the administrations offered by the organization. The all out quality administration includes all degrees of the executives just as all the organization workers. The birthplace of all out quality administration i s accepted to be quality confirmation strategies that existed during the First World War. The advancement of absolute quality administration was made conceivable by the enormous scope creation that developed after the war. This huge creation was related with low quality of the items administrations. To limit the odds of creating low quality administrations and items, some quality officials were selected to guarantee the whole creation was of quality.Advertising Looking for report on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After the First World War, it was a typical exercise in practically all assembling organizations to assess the nature of merchandise and ventures created. The development of factual quality control, gave a confirmation of testing the nature of test pieces, as it was impractical to investigate each item. By mid 1950s, the quality control practice was vital particularly in Japanese ventures, whereby all the workers could embrace the framework inside the organization . By the late 1970s, the absolute quality exercise was generally utilized for the most part by the enormous organizations, and was utilized by all representatives beginning from the top administration to easygoing workers. At the point when different countries found how items made in Japan were of acceptable quality, they likewise began receiving the activity of value control. Utilization of TQM methods in improving productivity and viability of business When organizations utilize all out quality administration, there is a high likelihood of improving proficiency and adequacy of the whole association. For example, Marriott inn global have applied a few strategies of TQM to guarantee a positive result (Mukherjee, 2006). Through the help of the official administration, workers are prepared on the ideas of offering great quality administrations to the clients. The fundamental strategies that the supervisory gr oup of Marriott inn worldwide is utilizing qualified staffs, who gives a positive way to deal with those delicate regions like the check in point, serving clients inside the most limited time conceivable, offering a benevolent methodology, and taking care of clients issues. Tidiness of the rooms and superb housekeeping administrations may make every single other wrong to be pardoned by any visitor. One perspective that establishes to the great notoriety of this organization is the tidiness particularly the praiseworthy housekeeping administrations that are advertised. In addition, to make their absolute quality administration frameworks increasingly compelling, Marriott is giving a broad preparing to all territory administrators when they are recruited. The significant explanation of doing this is to guarantee that the pioneers of the organization are illuminated on the best way to offer quality administrations . Without a decent administration, it tends to be exceptionally trying f or any association to offer best administrations and to accomplish its general objectives.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Marriott Hotel International Total Quality Management explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Once a director is utilized in this organization, before offering administrations, they are set up for a one-week preparing program, where they are furnished with the vital information and abilities to empower them work well for the clients. In the wake of experiencing this preparation, they are mindful of showing different individuals from staff on the most proficient method to offer quality administrations to clients. As per different inquires about done by a few experts, the results of low quality administrations in any business are expensive. More often than not, the experience of low quality administrations in an association happen due to having workers who are not enabled completely to settle quality weaknesses, or nearness of rep resentatives who are not ready to give sufficient outcomes. In our everyday lives, we have likewise experienced lacking administrations in different associations whereby, once served you feel like failing to come back for additional administrations. These negative encounters happen particularly on account of having a group of staff who never care about what they convey, as they are never considered liable for their missteps (Mukherjee, 2006). Somewhat, the administration of the organization is the wellspring of this poor assistance conveyance, due to inability to recognize workers that each individual would be considered liable for their deeds. When an organization begin slanting in such way, the possible outcome is loosing clients and formation of a decent open door for the contenders to dominate and serve the clients. Approaches towards improving client care Currently the organization has figured out how to concoct 18 diverse housing brands that incorporate constrained assistance and full help that have an assortment of administrations to serve the requirements of any voyager. The organization is right now overseeing and contracting different inns and resorts under the Marriott. The work inclusion of the organization has augmented with time because of development of its administrations. This extension then again has come about to addition of the clients all around. Beginning from the money related base of the organization to its client arrange, the organization has a decent record of extension for the period it has existed in the market. It is a commitment of each organization whether a non-benefit or benefit making to guarantee that its clients are served agreeably with the best items or administrations. For the organization to prevail in its activities, be it producing or some other sort of business, the client ought to be dealt with well through arrangement of value services.Advertising Searching for report on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Marriott being perhaps the greatest inn universally, with great notoriety of its quality administrations, it has adjusted a comprehensive arrangement of formal Total Quality Management. This framework is intended to guarantee that the expanding client inclusion is offered with the best administrations of high caliber. The lodging has put forth some additional attempts to guarantee that each area of the inn is furnished with quality administrations that are client driven. The Marriott inn worldwide is under the class of administration industry, thus its order to accomplish its objectives and destinations is to guarantee its clients are glad. It is the idea of clients to impart their encounters to others whether they are fulfilled or not fulfilled. For the organization to guarantee that their clients share a positive encounter, the organization should move in satisfying clients through praiseworthy administrations. The notoriety of the lodging and that of the brand depends for the most part by the responses of the clients. Consumer loyalty is accomplished effectively through the utilization of Total Quality Management. Because of the wide obtained understanding by the administration of Marriott inn universal for the extensive stretch they have been in the market, they have brought up the two fundamental regions that are probably going to be censured by visitors. The rooms and the registration are the most delicate zones that require top notch benefits particularly the front office. In Marriott lodging universal these regions are all around provided food for by exceptionally qualified staffs. Both the primary contact and impression that visitors get in a help industry is pivotal, as he may hold returning or may never want such an encounter again. How Total Quality Management adds to Improving Quality, Efficiency Effectiveness Successful organizations like Marriott inn universal have an administration framework that comprehends the reasonable impact of offering qua lity administrations to the clients. Because of such acknowledgment, the most serious organizations, keeps on normally improving their quality guidelines. Consistently, through the business News we know about most well known organizations announcing that their need is to make the fantasies of their clients work out through contribution quality administrations that would fulfill the clients and keep them returning for additional items and administrations. For example, we knew about Ford Motor Company and Honda Motor Company declaring their primary goal of fulfilling their cu

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Swing Vote Is An American Political Culture Film - 2005 Words

The film Swing Vote is an American political culture film that relies heavily on film subtext to depict the negative attitude many Americans have towards voting, corruption inside a political election, and the spectacle of media frenzy. While the film gives a light hearted impression of a rare political snafu it is still consistent with the main themes of other political films of manipulation, money lust, and power hungry political heads that will stop at nothing for their own personal gain. We also see the political candidates merely as puppets while their campaign managers are the ones truly calling the shots. Swing Vote is a unique political culture film because due to the ordeal in the film’s plot, the politicians are at a disadvantage when they are usually the ones in power. With the tables turned we see how they construct their corrupt schemes and the direct effect it has on the character representing the American perspective. The strong symbols that convey the cultural norms in America’s political system are in need of a deeper analysis. In the closest presidential race in history, a malfunction at the voting booth leaves the decision up to a single man—Ernest â€Å"Bud† Johnson. Ernest has no political affiliation, stance, nor the initiative to stay informed on current events. Ernest is an alcoholic, neglectful, single father who is apathetic toward politics and rather decides to be a bystander. Bud alienates himself from the outside world living in a run-down trailerShow MoreRelatedUS Senate Case Study1693 Words   |  7 PagesCalled to confront a massive technological debate in the United States in the modern day, the US Senate will discuss the possible impacts and effects of automation in the workforce and vote on a resolution. The Senate committee will replicate parliamentary procedure and will be based off the current United States Senate. As it stands, the Republican party dominates the Senate with the following demographic: Republicans: 52 Seats Democrats: 46 Seats Independents: 2 SeatsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Blues 1558 Words   |  7 Pagesits transliteration. The blues’ another characteristic is its special harmony. It is a kind of music which is originated in the soul of black American slaves, hymns, work songs, Shouting and hymn. Voa in blues and rev used in the way of singing shows its source in the west. 1.1 The History of Blues Blues music began in the early twentieth century at American south. It also mix in the church like reading in the form of rhythm and rhyme. 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The media, which includes television, newspapers, magazines, radio, advertising and the internet, is a vital part of constantly creating and reinforcing stereotypes. Media affects and influencesRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesto avoid segregation and racial injustice in the United States. As the manager of an electric company and owner of a ranch and mines, Jim expressed contempt for black Americans who continued to submit to segregation and live in poverty. Langston Hughes, 1933 (Library of Congress) Langston was not ashamed of being a black American. He had already written poems celebrating his heritage. He felt connected to the oppressed brown people of the world and hated his father for mistreating his MexicanRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 Pagesthe United States world war 1 Non-Intervention - The United States originally pursued a policy of non-intervention, avoiding conflict while trying to broker a peace. - When a German U-boat sank the British liner Lusitania in 1915, with 128 Americans aboard, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson vowed, America is too proud to fight and demanded an end to attacks on passenger ships. Germany complied. - Wilson unsuccessfully tried to mediate a settlement. He repeatedly warned the U.S. would not tolerateRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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When you come back to England from any foreign country, you have immediately the sensation of breathing a different air. Even in the first few minutes dozens of small things conspire to give you this feeling. TheRead MoreFor Against by L.G. Alexander31987 Words   |  128 Pagescountries 17 Childhood is certainly not the happiest time of your life 18 Untidy people are not nice to know 19 The only way to travel is on foot 42 44 46 48 20 Examinations exert a pernicious influence on education 21 Books, plays and films should be censored 22 People should be rewarded according to ability, not according to age and experience 23 The tourist trade contributes absolutely nothing to increasing understanding between nations 24 Only a madman would choose to live in aRead MoreThe Prison System Needs Reform7898 Words   |  32 Pages from further criminal or harmful activity (Morris Rothman, 1998). By the eighteen centuries many were growing opposite of the death penalty, especially in America. 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Definitions, Types Characteristic of Drama free essay sample

Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance. The term comes from a Greek word meaning action which is derived from the verb meaning to do or to act. Drama, in some form, is found in almost every society, primitive and civilized, and served a wide variety of functions in the community. It is a unique literary form because it is designed to be acted out on a stage before an audience, where actors take the roles of the characters, perform the indicated action, and utter the written dialogue. It is an enacted fiction primarily based on mimic action. That is, drama is something that one goes to see, and which is originally organized to be seen rather than to be read. Some specialists have defined drama as the most elegant expression of thought nearest to the truth, the most concrete form in which art can recreate human situations and relationships, and the most wide ranging of all the arts: it not only represent life, but it is also a way of seeing it. ? 2. Characteristics of Drama The major characteristics of drama are as follows: 2. 1. Characters: Characters are the people in the plays plot. Most plays have a round, major characters and flat, minor characters. The main characters are more important to a work and usually have a bigger part to play. Miranda from Shakespeares Tempest is an example of a main character. We learn much about her characteristics throughout the play, and she plays a big role in the reconciliation of the characters toward the end of the play. On the other hand, minor characters are less important. An example of a minor character is Marcellus from the play Hamlet, whose role is only to inform about Hamlets fathers ghost. We do not know nor do we need to know anything about his character or what happens to him thereafter. He just departs in peace. Lets take a look at the different characters. -Protagonist: The main character, usually the one who sets the action in motion. Example: Hamlet is the protagonist in the play Hamlet. -Antagonist: The character that stands as rival to the protagonist is called the antagonist. He is the villain. Example: Claudius is the major antagonist in the play Hamlet as he contrasts sharply with the main character in the play. -Foil: A character whose traits contrast with those of another character. Writers use foil to emphasize differences between two characters. For example, a handsome but dull character might be a foil for one who is unattractive but dynamic. By using foil, authors call attention to the strengths or weaknesses of a main character. Example: In Hamlet, the passionate and quick to action Laertes is a foil for the reflective Hamlet. -Confidant: A character that lends an ear and gives his input to usually the protagonist is a confidant. This type of character is most commonly a closest friend or trusted servant of the main character, who serves as a device for revealing the mind and intention of the main character. The confidants inputs are revealed only to the audience and not to the other characters in the play. Example: In Hamlet, Horatio is the confidant. -Stock characters: A stereotypical character who is not developed as an individual but as a collection of traits and mannerisms supposedly shared by all members of a group. These characters are easily recognized by audience due to their recurrent appearance and familiar roles. Example: A comic, a servant, a fool, a coward, a naive stepmother, and wicked witch. Each character is distinct from the other and must have their own peculiar personality, background, and beliefs. The mannerisms and use of language too may differ. The way the characters in the play are treated by the playwright is important to the outworking of the play. 2. 2. Dialogue: The words uttered by characters in a play forms a dialogue. The dialogue reveals the plot and characters of the play. What is spoken must be suitable to the situation and the role of the character. Things that are said on stage may take on greater worth or typical qualities than the same things said in everyday speech. Good dramatic speech involves a proper construction of words spoken in the appropriate context. It also involves saying what is not uninviting or what is obvious straight away. Good dialogue sheds light on the character speaking and the one spoken to, or spoken about, and aids in the furtherance of the plot. Dialogue may take various forms:- -An exchange between two or more characters. Titinius: These tidings will well comfort Cassius. Messala: Where did you leave him? Titinus: All disconsolate, With Pindarus his bondman, on this hill. Messala: Is not that he lies upon the ground? -Soliloquy: A character that is typically alone on stage delivering a long speech which is called a soliloquy. Emotions and innermost thoughts of the character are revealed in a soliloquy. [They exit. ANTONY remains. ] ANTONY. O, pardon me, thou bleeding piece of earth, That I am meek and gentle with these butchers! Thou art the ruins of the noblest man That ever lived in the tide of times. -Aside: This is spoken by a character to another character or to the audience but is not heard by the other characters on stage. Asides reveal what a character is thinking or feeling. Caesar. Good friends, go in and taste some wine with me, And we (like friends) will straightway go together. Brutus (aside) . That every like is not the same, O Caesar, The heart of Brutus earns to think upon. [Exeunt. ] 2. 3. Plot: The plot is events that occur in a story sequentially. Normally the introduction of the characters in the beginning of the play gives the audience an idea about what the plot maybe. This information will enlighten the audience as to why characters behave the way they do and an incident maybe expected to surface that will create a problem for the main characters. As the action heightens, the characters encounter the problem and find themselves in trouble. The conflict in a plot may vary but, nevertheless, it forms the basis for the plot. The conflict leads the characters from one incident to another unfolding the plot and increasing the suspense and excitement of the reader or viewer. The turning point of the plot is called the climax when the outcome of the conflict takes place. The climax takes several forms. It may be a revelation of information or it may be a decision or an action. It is the point where suspense no longer exists. The plot is crucial for the success of a play. 2. 4. Setting: The setting and time in a play tell us where the story happened and the time it occurred. The setting is very important because what usually happens in the play is influenced by it. Visual components of a setting maybe limited to a painted tree, a bridge, or a hut, or it could be more elaborate. Shifts in time and space are often indicated by the actors through their speech and movements. In setting, the lighting plays an important role for it shows an illusion of time. Lighting also may be used to focus on an action or stress the importance of an event. Costumes and props too are involved in setting. Costumes are used to portray a characters profession, status, ethnicity, age and so on. Props are items used by actors on stage to create an atmosphere of the play. These can be simple writing materials, chairs and tables, flowers, thrones, blood-soaked clothes, blankets, and beds and so on. The effect created by the setting creates the mood for a theatrical spectacle. 2. 5. Stage directions: An audience is prompted to react by the movements or positions of the actors in a play. It can build up tension, trigger laughter, or shift the focus of the audience to a different part of the stage. To achieve this purpose, the writer communicates to the actors, director, and the rest of the crew in the play by means of stage directions. He does this by means of short phrases, usually printed in italics and enclosed in parentheses or brackets. These directions describe the appearance and actions of characters as well as the sets, costumes, props, sound effects, and lighting effects. Stage directions may also include the characters body language, facial expressions, and even the tone of voice. Comments or remarks about the surroundings and when a character enters or exits are also made in stage directions. Thus stage directions help us understand the feelings of the character and the mood of the story. 2. 6. Theme: The theme actually tells what the play means. Rather stating what happens in the story, the theme deals with the main idea within the story. Theme has been described as the soul of the drama. The theme can either be clearly stated through dialogue or action or can be inferred from the entire performance. The concluded plot and theme in drama should complement each other and should be synchronized to give a complete output. General themes are: i. conflictbetween two individuals. ii. conflict between man and a supernatural power. iii. conflict between the man and himself. 3. Types of Drama: Several genres exist within drama, each with their own storytelling methods, character types and dramatic approach. Drama is divided into the categories of tragedy, comedy, melodrama, and tragicomedy. Each of these forms can be further subdivided by style and content. 3. 1. Tragedy: In his Poetics, Aristotle defined Tragedy as: The imitation of an action that is serious and also, as having magnitude, complete in itself; in language with pleasurable accessories, each kind brought in separately in the parts of the work; in dramatic, not in a narrative form; with incidents arousing pity and fear, wherewith to accomplish its catharsis of such emotions. Generally speaking, tragedy dramatizes the conflict between the vital personal life and the restrictions of social life. It is a drama in which a character experience a disastrous end in his conflict with a powerful kind of force, and ultimately comes to comprehend the real value of his deeds. Tragedy is serious by nature in its theme and deals with profound problems. These profound problems are universal when applied to the human experience. In tragedy, we find a protagonist at the centre of the drama that is a great person, usually of upper class birth. He is a good man that can be admired, but he has a tragic flaw that will be the ultimate cause of his downfall. This tragic flaw can take on many characteristics but it is most often too much pride or excessive ambition. The protagonist always learns, usually too late, the nature of his flaw and his mistakes that have caused his downfall. He becomes self-aware and accepts the inevitability of his fate and takes full responsibility for his actions. We must have this element of inevitability in tragedy. That is, there must be a cause and effect relationship from the beginning through the middle to the end or final catastrophe. It must be logical in the conclusion of the necessary outcome. Tragedy will involve the audience in the action and creates tension and expectation. With the climax and final end the audience will have learned a lesson and will leave the theatre not depressed or sullen, but uplifted and enlightened. Most tragic heroes are males, with a few fantastic exceptions, such as Antigone, Juliet and Cleopatra. Women in tragic plays are, however, pathetic rather than tragic. They are somehow passive, seen as images of weakness rather than of exceptional strength. Among the most splendid tragedies are Antigone by Sophocles, Dr Faustus by Christopher Marlowe, Hamlet by William Shakespeare? etc. Tragedies can be separated into at least three subordinate categories or sub-genres identified and briefly characterized as follows: -Senecan Tragedy: A precursor of tragic drama was the Roman poet Seneca (4 BC 65 AD). His tragedies were recited rather than staged but they became a model for English playwrights entailing the five-act structure, a complex plot and an elevated style of dialogue. -Revenge Tragedy/ Tragedy of Blood: This type of tragedy represented a popular genre in the Elizabethan Age and made extensive use of certain elements of the Senecan tragedy, such as murder, revenge, mutilations and ghosts. Typical examples of this sub-genre are Christopher Marlowes The Jew of Malta, Shakespeares Titus Andronicus and Thomas Kyds The Spanish Tragedy. These plays were written in verse and, following Aristotelian Poetics, the main characters were of a high social rank (the higher they are, the lower they fall). Apart from dealing with violent subject matters, these plays conventionally made use of fake or real madness in some of the characters, dumb shows or play-with-the-play structures, that is, a play was performed within he play. Domestic/ Bourgeois Tragedy: In line with a changing social system where the middle class gained increasing importance and power, tragedies from the eighteenth century onward shifted their focus to protagonists from the middle or lower classes and were written in prose. The protagonist typically suffers a domestic disaster which is intended to arouse empathy rather than pity and fear in the audience. An example is George Lillos The London Merchant or, The History of George Barnwell . Modern tragedies such as Arthur Millers The Death of a salesman follow largely the new conventions set forth by the domestic tragedy ( common conflict, common characters, prose) and a number of contemporary plays have exchanged the tragic hero for an anti-hero, who does not display the dignity and courage of a traditional hero but is passive, pretty and ineffectual. Other dramas resuscitate elements of ancient tragedies such as the chorus and verse, e. g. , T. S. Eliots The Murder in the Cathedral. 3. 2. Comedy: Comedy is a broad category of dramatic works that are intended primarily to entertain and amuse an audience. Comedies take many different forms, but they all share three basic characteristics: 1. The values that are expressed and that typically present the conflict within the play are social and determined by the general opinion of society ( as opposed to universal and beyond the control of humankind, as in tragedy). 2. Characters in comedies are often defined primarily in terms of their society and their role within it. 3. Comedies often end with a restoration of social order in which one or more characters take a proper social role. Furthermore, Aristotle suggests that comic figures are mainly average to below average in terms of moral character, having in mind the wily servant or witty knave who was already a stock character of ancient comedy. He also suggests that only low or ignoble figures can strike us as ridiculous characters are often those who, although well-born, are merely pompous or self-important instead of truly noble. Similarly, the most sympathetic comic figures are frequently plucky underdogs, young men or women from humble or disadvantaged backgrounds who prove their real worth through various tests of character over the course of a story or play. Examples of famous comedies are: Shakespeares The Comedy of Errors and J. M. Barries What Every Woman Knows. Within the broad spectrum of dramatic comedy, the following types are the most frequently distinguished ones: -Romantic Comedy: A form of drama in which love is the main theme, and love leads to a happy ending. In this sub-genre, the primary distinguishing feature is a love plot in which two sympathetic and well-matched lovers are united or reconciled. In a typical romantic comedy, the two lover tend to be young, likeable, and apparently meant for each other, yet they are kept apart by some complicating circumstance until, surmounting all obstacles, they are finally wed. Perhaps the most popular of all romantic comedies are those of Shakespeare, such as: As You Like It, A Midsummer Nights Dream, and Twelfth Night. -Satirical Comedy: A form of comedy which dispraises, attacks, and ridicule the human vices, follies and defects. Satirical comedies resemble other types of comedy in that they trace the rising fortune of a central character. However, the central character here is likely to be cynical, foolish, or morally corrupt. Examples of Satirical comedies are: Ben Jonsons Volpe and The Alchemist. -Comedy of Manners: This sub-genre has for its main subjects and themes the relationships and intrigues of gentlemen and ladies living in a sophisticated society. Its comic effect depends on the wit and sparkle of the dialogue and on making ridiculous the violators of the social conventions. Best examples of this form are Shakespeares Loves Labours Lost and Much Ado about Nothing. -Farce: A form of comedy which is meant to provoke a simple amusement in the audience. The basic characteristics of farce are: 1. Exaggerated physical action. 2. Exaggeration of characters. 3. Absurd situations and improbable events. 4. Surprises in the form of unexpected appearances and disclosures. Farcical plots are often full of wild coincidences and seemingly endless complications. Farce is usually an episode in a more complex form of comedy. Examples are the farcical interludes in Shakespeares The Taming of the Shrew and The Merry Wifes of Windsor. -High Comedy: A type of comedy which evokes the intellectual mirth in the audience who are emotionally alienated from the action. This thoughtful laughter are caused by the follies, pretentiousness and incongruity in human behavior. It was introduced by George Meredith as a form of the comedy of manners. Examples of this form are Congreves Way of the World and Wildes A Woman of No Importance. -Low Comedy: A type of comedy that is used as a comic relief. It provokes a laughter from the belly rather than the brain. It usually includes slapstick, violent actions, and ribald jokes. It is considered to be a common component of farce. -Comedy of Humours: The comedy of humours refers to a sub-genre of dramatic comedy that focuses on a character or range of characters, each of whom two or more overriding traits or humours dominate their personality, desires and conduct. This comic technique may be found in Aristophanes, but the English playwrights Ben Jonson and George Chapman popularized the genre in the closing years of the sixteenth century. This form of comedy is exemplified in Jonsons Every Man in His Humour. 3. 3. Melodrama: Melodrama literally means a play with music that once upon the time, it was applied to the Opera in a broad sense. A play based on a romantic plot and developed sensationally with little regard for satisfying motivation and with an excessive appeal to the emotions of the audience. The object is to keep the audience thrilled by the awakening of strong feelings of pity or horror or joy. The first English melodrama is believed to have been Thomas Holocrofts A Tale of Mystary. 3. 4. Tragicomedy: Tragicomedies mingle conventions concerning the plot, character and subject matter derived from the both tragedy and comedy. Thus, characters of both high and low social rank can be mixed, or a seious conflict which is likely to end in disaster, suddenly reaches a happy ending because of some unforeseen circumstances. Plays with multiple plots which combine tragedy in one plot and comedy in the other are what attracted most of the best dramatists of the modern literature. Examples of tragicomedy are: Shakespeares The Merchant of Vince and John Fletchers The Faithful Shepherdess.

Winter Dreams free essay sample

His successes were completely self-made yet; he had issues when it comes to dealing with the matters of the heart. But this trait showed more and more that Dexter is indeed human and in all of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s work, his central focus was always about the people in his story. His work concentrated on their development from page 1 introduction to them all the way to the end where we can see their triumphs and tragedies that befall upon them. Dexter, the hero of our tale seems to be a man with a steadfast resolve to do whatever he put his mind to. However, the winter season seem to be his deciding judge on what he needs to do. Often we see that the seasonal changes in nature bring us a different perspective and Fitzgerald uses this as a vehicle of Dexter’s personality and character. The season change for him is an ever-looming specter in his mind and affect how he makes his decisions in life. We will write a custom essay sample on Winter Dreams or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I hope that in the course of this paper, you will find the correlation between Dexter and how he uses the seasonal changes especially the winter as a deciding factor of his decision. Sincerely, Jay Schwanke Jay Schwanke Professor Coleman ENGL 200 12 April 2013 F. Scott Fitzgerald and â€Å"Winter Dreams† One of the most important things that can be seen in Fitzgerald’s work including Winter Dreams is the character development of our â€Å"hero†, Dexter. He is the central character that the story rallies behind. We see from the start that the setting of this story is very vital to how he behaves and how he sees himself in the world. The season of winter is indicative of how his mood dictates his behavior. Dexter hated the winter because it drags his mood to the ground. As a caddy, the warm spring and hot summers brings him business and allowed him to flourish in his money making endeavor. For him the winter brings dream of prosperity and a brighter future, even though his father did own a thriving business, the money made him independent of those around him including his family. Each winter, he only dream of the spring and summer where he imagined time after time winning the golf game against the club pro (Page 71). This revelation shows us Dexter’s desire to be something different that others are made from a different mold. Yet, he was willing to walk away from his caddying in order to prove a point to others around him. When Dexter makes up his mind, he sticks with it no matter what the outcome will be but again, those decisions are often dictated by the season of winter. â€Å"†¦It is not so simple as that either. As so frequently would be the case in the future, Dexter was unconsciously dictated to by his winter dream. Dexter is a man with steady resolve to what ever he decided to do. It all started when he quit his job as a caddy, then attending college and finally settled into a career made by his own design. Yet another of his winter dream comes to its fruition. As a caddy during the winter as he stared out in to the snow, he envisioned himself playing golf on the very same course, but this time, he will be looked upon with respect as he is now, a self made man with successes . So once again, his winter dream as a youth comes to reality. Yet when it comes to his relationship with Judy, those dreams never existed during his winter dreams. That reality was born out of season for him; therefore I can understand how negative and badly it went. His whole relationship with her was completely against his nature of using the season to dictate the direction of his life. So I think the failure came because he didn’t follow his seasonal directions that he was constantly referring his life’s decision to. Even after Judy coming back the second time, things has changed so much for Dexter. It went all the way to the end when they finally grew apart and found out later on that she was no longer the Judy of his winter dreams, Dexter still could not or was not able to process that into any emotions. Dexter was no longer the same Dexter as he once was. I think the winter dreams of having it all to include the love of his life Judy faded away just like the winter faded into spring. Resources Winter Dreams, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Unit 2: Reading and Writing About Short Fiction, Perkins, 2011. Winter Dreams, F. Scott Fitzgerald, 1922

Free Essays on Problem Of The Trinity

Wainright, W. The Problem of the Trinity. The Trinity in the New Testament. Great Britain: William Clowes and Sons, 1962. Dr. W. Wainwright of Manchester has been writing books of this nature for a number of years. In fact he has even contributed to the â€Å"Scottish Journal of Theology†, Vol. 10, no. 3, September 1957. Belief in Christ’s divinity was expressed both in the writings of the New Testament and in the worship which was practiced in the earliest Christian communities. The belief in Christ’s divinity raised serious issues, and out of this emerged the Trinitarian problem. Even though the doctrine of the God Heads is not formally stated in the New Testament, the writings of the apostles suggest that they were dealing with such an issue as the trinity. No apostle would have dreamt of thinking that they are three divine persons whose mutual relations and paradoxical unity are beyond our understanding. However it is evident that the New Testament writers are aware that there is a problem between the relationships of Father, Son, and spirit; this fact is seen at the beginning of the fourth Gospel. Reading this chapter was very beneficial because the information presented is relevant to my research and will aid in the proper development of my paper. In particular, it provides information for the section in the research paper that deals with the Apostles and the Trinitarian doctrine. The source outlines the Apostles reactions to the trinity. It also provides information for another section of the paper that deals with the trinity as presented in the bible. I must say that even though the chapter provides vital information, it is not my main source. Throughout the chapter the author writes as though the ideas presented are recent. This was evident in his negative comments as it regards to Schleiermacher failure to include these ideas in his book â€Å"The Christian Faith†. Even though the book was writte... Free Essays on Problem Of The Trinity Free Essays on Problem Of The Trinity Wainright, W. The Problem of the Trinity. The Trinity in the New Testament. Great Britain: William Clowes and Sons, 1962. Dr. W. Wainwright of Manchester has been writing books of this nature for a number of years. In fact he has even contributed to the â€Å"Scottish Journal of Theology†, Vol. 10, no. 3, September 1957. Belief in Christ’s divinity was expressed both in the writings of the New Testament and in the worship which was practiced in the earliest Christian communities. The belief in Christ’s divinity raised serious issues, and out of this emerged the Trinitarian problem. Even though the doctrine of the God Heads is not formally stated in the New Testament, the writings of the apostles suggest that they were dealing with such an issue as the trinity. No apostle would have dreamt of thinking that they are three divine persons whose mutual relations and paradoxical unity are beyond our understanding. However it is evident that the New Testament writers are aware that there is a problem between the relationships of Father, Son, and spirit; this fact is seen at the beginning of the fourth Gospel. Reading this chapter was very beneficial because the information presented is relevant to my research and will aid in the proper development of my paper. In particular, it provides information for the section in the research paper that deals with the Apostles and the Trinitarian doctrine. The source outlines the Apostles reactions to the trinity. It also provides information for another section of the paper that deals with the trinity as presented in the bible. I must say that even though the chapter provides vital information, it is not my main source. Throughout the chapter the author writes as though the ideas presented are recent. This was evident in his negative comments as it regards to Schleiermacher failure to include these ideas in his book â€Å"The Christian Faith†. Even though the book was writte...

Holistic Nutrition Mini Essays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Holistic Nutrition Mini Essays - Essay Example They match particular molecules with each other in order to produce desired reactions in the body. However, these enzymes cannot work without co-factors. This is where minerals come in. â€Å"Unless an enzyme is accompanied by its co-factor/mineral, or a substitute co-factor/mineral, it will simply sit around doing nothing† (Kennedy, 2009). Copper serves as a co-factor for different enzymes in the body. It is vital in hemoglobin synthesis in order to convert tyrosine into melanin, which, in turn protects the skin from the ultraviolet rays of the sun. It is also important in the metabolism of Vitamin C, and consequently helps in maintaining the elasticity of the body’s ligaments and tendons. Zinc is also a co-factor for different enzymes in our body. â€Å"Zinc assists the various enzymes that metabolize carbohydrates, alcohol, and fatty acids† (Cichoke, 2000). They also work with enzymes that metabolize proteins and dispose of free radicals in the body. These various co-factor activities make zinc a very effective anti-oxidant. Iodine is a co-factor in enzymes which help produce the thyroid hormone thyroxine. â€Å"Iodine is necessary for thyroxin, and thyroxin is responsible for maintaining a normal metabolic rate in all the cells of the body† (Kennedy, 2009). The minerals mentioned above, are just some of the co-factor minerals essential for the healthy functioning of our body. Minerals act as catalysts, as spurs to the existing enzymes in our body in order to eventually produce the desired effect into our system. Minerals can potentially be helpful and harmful to our body. As with any nutrient ingested into our body, too much minerals can be toxic to our system. One such mineral is manganese. Manganese toxicity usually results to multiple neurologic problems. It is even more dangerous when inhaled because it immediately goes to the brain without being metabolized by the liver. In some instances, it can result to permanent neurologic

Behavioral Characteristics Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Behavioral Characteristics - Article Example He wanted to stop commercial interests that are busily destroying embryos in order to obtain stem cells. If this conduct amounts to murder as he contends there is nothing to stop the evil act. Most scientists agree that while adult stem cells offer hope of a cure for some of the cruelest diseases and injuries, embryonic stem cells hold even greater and surer promise. But this greater and surer promise should not drive mankind to madly believe that there is nothing to stop him from terrorizing the world as stem cell research would one day create a man that would defy even death and become indestructible. Hate Sites There are hate sites, Web sites that are very disturbing to browse. Web sites that ridicule African Americans, Jews, gays, immigrants and others, but some took it a few steps further by combining bigotry with articles about guns, bombs and other implements of violence. Others were designed deliberately to shock, with displays of swastikas, burning crosses and nooses. One si te mixes hate with stories and photographs that celebrate sex and violence in the most extreme way imaginable. The people who run hate sites don't usually put up even a feeble effort to keep out children. On the contrary, some overtly invite children and teens to participate. Many have music graphics and rhetoric designed to appeal to teens. Children or teenagers who grow browsing these hate sites will become perverted at an early age which is dangerous to the humankind. Racism It is insensitive and unwise because any satisfaction that racism gives to the students who display racist symbols is far outweighed by the discomfort it causes to many others. They must have known that they would upset many fellow students and ignore the decent regard for the feelings of others so essential to building and preserving a strong and harmonious community. No community will become humane and caring by restricting what its members can say. The worst offenders will simply find other ways to irritat e and insult. In talking with students, the faculty members should seek to educate and persuade, rather than resort to ridicule or intimidation, recognizing that only persuasion is likely to produce a lasting, beneficial effect. Through such efforts, an educational institution can help create a truly understanding, supportive community. Otherwise students will become young offenders. Hate Speech Hate speech is a speech that disparages a person or a group on the basis of some characteristic such as race, gender, ethnicity, nationality, religion, sexual orientation, or other characteristic and this may incite violence or prejudicial action against or by a protected individual or group, or because it disparages or intimidates a protected individual or group. Kenneth Lake thinks that the first ever online’ hate speech’ trial will have drastic consequences for free speech on the Internet. â€Å"I personally will make it my life career to find and kill every one of you pers onally† signed Asian Hater, the words of an email message that is to have serious consequences for Internet freedom. They were written by Richard Machdo, a Los Angeles man who was convicted last Tuesday (10/2/98) of sending racist death threats to 59 Asian students. The email accused Asians for the all crimes on campus, and suggested that Machado would personally â€Å"find†, â€Å"hunt down† and â€Å"kill† them if they did not leave the University of California at Irvine. The email was sent from a campus computer and signed â€Å"Asian Hater†. Hate speech rouses unnatural hatred of the members of one people or community for the members of another resulting in civil right violations that would take its toll on world peace. Animal Testing Experiments on animals, with a view to

Millions With Chronic Disease Get Little to No Treatment Essay Example for Free

Millions With Chronic Disease Get Little to No Treatment Essay Relation to Management: The management team of every organization is expected to handle employee issues to be able to increase their competencies at work, which includes their health status at work. Helping employees avoid developing chronic illness through giving them better access to healthcare assistance availabilities as well as giving them fine environment for work is a huge step up in solving this issue on the part of the organizations’ management team. The rate of employees having the need to deal with suffering from chronic disease increases every year, especially in the American region. It could not be denied that the stress and the pressures that most employees deal with at work costs their lost of health stability. The article of Reed Abelson aims to show how many employees today are already affected by the illness. As the years of economic downfall over the world enters the scene, the problem becomes even more serious thus demanding a more serious attention on the matter from the management teams of the different business organizations all over the world. (Abelson, 2008, Intenet) The most disturbing issue that has been noted by the author is that most of the people having this particular illness actually receive lesser attention from the administration of the business organizations that they are working for. This is the reason why Jeffrey Harris and his colleagues decided to search for evidences that prove that chronic disease among employees in America today and thus be able to find a solution to the said issue. The group of Harris conducted a pilot test of the American Cancer Society Workplace Solutions, which they applied as intervention system in the work operations of eight major employers in the Pacific Northwest.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The said intervention proposed at least 15 major focus-activities that are further subdivided into five categories that are listed as follows: health insurance benefits policies workplace programs health promoting communication tracking of employees health behaviors to measure progress Along the said process of intervention, the researchers even added a 4-meeting session to be held with the employers of the companies involved for two months which are to begin with handed questionnaires that are designed to asses their involvement in the program and how well their employees are faring due to the effects of the program.(Harris, et al, 2008, 16)   TO be able to test the effectiveness of the program, the researchers decided to present the data in a before-after pattern which gave a clear depiction on how the program affected the existing systems of the organization and the health awareness culture that the said business organizations adapt to. Why have the research been concentrating on the employers as source of motivation on the staff personnel of the business organizations tested and not direct the study on the employees at once? There are three main reasons why this process had been considered effective by the researchers: Employers have power over the workplace environments that directly affect the health of the old-aged employees of the organizations. Employers face rapidly mounting healthcare and productivity costs that could affect the process by which they aim to safeguard the health of their people at work. Employers are the once who are in charged of controlling health insurances of employees. These reasons actually showed how much the employers could do to imply a health-conscious environment at work and thus increase health assured number of employees, in the aim of trying to help them avoid the causes of Chronic Disease that could result to long time illness. As a result of the study, the data gathered by the researchers showed that most employers who to involved in the study chose to impose non-smoking policies. Since it appeared to be the least expensive and actually the easiest way to encourage employees to be health conscious, it has been the â€Å"favorite† of the employers. Least applied on the organization on the other hand is the sun-protection program which aims to protect the employees, especially the ones working in the field, from being affected by the heat rays of the sun at work. (Harris, et al, 2008, 13) It is also through this study that it was found out that employers are less able to apply policies, especially when they are not at first handed through a written proposal that would outline the significance of the process to their business and their employees as well. More over, the study revealed that employers are more than willing to learn how to deal with the health needs of their people. Primarily, this is because aside from increasing the employees’ loyalty to them, it also serves as a protection to their gains in the future time as it would help them avoid paying for unnecessary or emergency health cases that their employees have to face. From the study analyzed, it could be noted that employers are indeed expected to take serious consideration of their employees’ health as they are considered to be the organization’s foundation now and in the future. Hence, the application of health-conscious programs on their part for the benefits of their people is an essential part of employee loyalty enhancement proceedings. Being able to establish such particular program in an organization makes the process of dealing with health issues in the organization be met with better ease and understanding on the part of the parties involved in the situation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   True, as Abelson notes in his article, understanding the health needs of the employees working for the success of the business actually ensures the progress of the entire business in the industry that they are involved with. This is the reason why the management team of the organizations today should actually give focus in answering these issues to ease the employees of the health problems that they need to deal with and thus give them better chances of performing better for the business organization’s sake. Reference: Harris JR, Cross J, Hannon PA, Mahoney E, Ross-Viles S, Kuniyuki A. Employer adoption of evidence-based chronic disease prevention practices: a pilot study. Prev Chronic Dis. 2008;5(3). Reed Abelson. (August 2008). Millions With Chronic Disease Get Little to No Treatment. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/05/business/05health.html?_r=1ref=businessoref=slogin. (August 5, 2008).

Comparing Shakespeares Play, Hamlet and Miltons Play, Samson Agoniste

Comparing Shakespeare's Play, Hamlet and Milton's Play, Samson Agonistes: The Mental Awakenings of Hamlet and Samson In William Shakespeare's play Hamlet and in John Milton's play Samson Agonistes, both title characters undergo an intellectual metamorphosis, each becoming more and more aware of the power of his mind as he learns to master it. Despite a difference of almost 50 years between the writing of each of these plays, Hamelet being composed in 1601 and Samson Agonistes not being completed until circa 1646-1648, both reflect a preoccupation of the 17th century shared by both authors, the emergence of the mind and the human reason. Hamlet, while already a scholar and a philosopher, must, in the course of his plot to revenge the death of his father, constantly reassure himself that his mind has not erred. He must verify that the apparition of his father's ghost was a "spirit of health" and not a "goblin damned" designed to lead him to an inopportune demise. He must be certain that the revenge that he exacts on his father-in-law will suit his crime and not "this same villain send / To heaven". Samson, on the other hand, must also awaken his mind, but in his case his mind has been dormant all his life and this thus presents him with a more diffficult task than that of Hamlet. Samson had always relied on his brute physical strength to rescue him from dangerous situations whereas Hamlet had the more well-rounded formation of a Renaissance man. Oddly enough, it is Samson who seems to have been more successful at the end of the tragedy in that he does not unwittingly take his mother nor his friend with him to his grave. The first instance in which Hamlet demonstrates an awakening of his mind is in Scene 1 when he must... ...t both must learn to develop and to trust their mind rather than rely on a supernatural power to guide them. In Hamlet's case, this supernatural being is the ghost of his father which comes to give him the noble cause of revenging his foul death. For Samson, the cause is for the honour of his god which must be proven to be stronger and more right than the Philistine god Dagon. In the end, both succeed in awakening their minds, and while their deaths may be considered tragic, from a 17th century point of view, and even from today's perspcetive, they are heros because they learned to put their trust in themselves as rational human beings. Works Cited Milton, John. Samson Agonistes. In John Milton: Complete Poems and Major Prose. Ed. Merritt Y. Hughes. New York: Macmillan, 1957. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Sylvan Barnet. New York: Signet Classic, 1998.

How Far Do You Agree That Wyatt’s Rebellion Was a Serious Threat

How far do you agree that Wyatt’s rebellion was a serious threat to Mary’s authority? Although Wyatt’s rebellion was, when compared to the riots and rebellions that visited the Tudor Dynasty, rather small in size, it had a large impact in that Queen Mary’s authority as Monarch was questioned and ridiculed by the actions that drove so close to her residence in 1554. Historians argue that the volatile combination of politics, religion and Mary’s personality were major factors in the rebellion’s formation as well as the fear the prospect of a Spanish King visited upon the nobles.Mary’s ascension to the throne of England was marked with extraordinary political and religious circumstance: the return of Catholicism in England marshalled by Mary was a decision met with gratefulness and one that pleased many of those citizens supressed under the Tudor dynasty’s progressive and eventually full protestant stance. However, Mary’s ge nder meant that she couldn’t enjoy the same levels of independence and power as those wielded by her brother and father.Mary’s announcement that she intended to marry Philip II of Spain in 1554 divided her privy council into two distinct groups; one opposing her marriage, favouring the possible courter, Edward Courtenay (Earl of Devon), and the other, who supported the Spanish Monarch. The reasons for these split alliances were deeply ingrained in foreign policy, with those supporting Philip’s prospects seeking the advantages of a strong Anglo-Spanish alliance, and those against it fearing the consequences of a future hereditary Spanish claim to the English throne and a possible need to aid Spain in future conflict.Some historians like Rex, believe that these circumstances in combination with Mary’s personal stubbornness and willingness to marry Philip II against the inclination of her government played a considerable factor in the fruition of Wyattâ€⠄¢s rebellion. However, there have been attempts by historians to counter this appraisal of Mary’s character, it has been suggested that the queen’s indecision in the negotiations over the restoration of Catholicism to England and more specifically her marriage to Philip was Mary being politically shrewd, tailored to win greater concessions for the English Crown from the Hapsburgs and the Vatican.Thus, it may be fair to attribute Mary’s personality as one of the largest contributing factors of her marriage to Philip and Thomas Wyatt’s consequent anti-monarchic movement whether these intended or not. It would thus seem that it was Mary’s personality and the ways in which her choices affected those around her which was the greatest motive for Wyatt’s rebellion. This view can be furthermore supported when acknowledging the fact that there was very little religious opposition remaining by the time of the rebellion, hence Mary could only be damag ed as a result of her own political errors regarding the marriage.Turvell and Randall discuss this view, stating ‘At the beginning of the reign even the most zealous of urban radicals were not prepared to go against the mainstream of public opinion, and waited to see what would happen. Certainly, when Mary, using the royal prerogative, suspended the second Act of Uniformity and restored the mass, there was no public outcry. ’ Hence, historians may argue that Thomas Wyatt’s motives were spurred by the prospect of a Spanish king and were not religiously driven. The actual level of threat that the Wyatt rebellion posed to Mary’s authority is a subject of much debate.On the one hand, historians argue that the rebellion significantly challenged Mary’s position as queen, whilst on the other; the event has been described by historians such as Diarmaid MacCulluch as a demonstration of ‘the bankruptcy of rebellion as a way of solving problems’. This diversity in opinion stems for an array of contemporary circumstances. Those who view the rebellion as a serious threat are quick to acknowledge Elizabeth, who was at the time considered an apt alternative to her idiosyncratically minded sister.Elizabeth’s status as a Protestant may not have pleased the public opinion in England at the time but her young age and ability to bare children was something which Mary could not so easily contest. Similarly, the rebellion’s close proximity to London and Mary’s residence has bolstered its seriousness. Historian Tony Imparato agrees with this view, stating in his book ‘Protest and Rebellion in Tudor England’ that ‘Wyatt’s men marched on London and in doing so presented the most serious threat ever posed to Tudor government †¦ In the end, his force came within half a mile of where the queen was staying, but was forced to retreat. The view held by Imparato may address the seriousness of t he Wyatt rebellion in so far as geographical closeness to Mary, but it does not fully explain the event’s consequences in revealing severe weaknesses in Mary’s government and the tenuousness of her position as queen. In his book, ‘The Early Tudors 1485-1558’ John Duncan Mackie discusses the greater extent of the rebellion and what it revealed about Mary’s court: ‘The queen’s Catholic friends had been ineffectual in the crisis and the battle had been won for her by men like Pembroke who had deserted Northumberland at the last minute. In expressing the ineffectuality of Mary’s Catholic allies, Mackie delves deeper into the rebellion’s longer term consequences and in demonstrating Pembroke’s desertion of Northumberland, highlights an only last minute decision by one of England’s most important political figures to support his queen. On the other hand, some historians have viewed Wyatt’s rebellion as havin g a lesser impact on royal authority. This view has been fuelled by the rebellion’s small levels of popular support as well as Courtenay’s ineptitude.This view is held by Colin Pendrill, who in his 2000 book ‘The English Reformation: Crown, Power and Religious Change, 1485-1558’ holds the view that the Wyatt rebellion failed and that three main issued led to this conclusion: ‘Anti-Spanish rumours did not bring about widespread support’, ‘News of the conspiracy leaked out in January 1554, so the conspirators had to act before they were ready and in the middle of winter’ and that the rebellion lacked support to such a degree that outright hostility was encountered in Coventry and that ‘Wyatt alone managed to raise some troops in Kent†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢.Pendrill’s supporting of the idea that there was a lack of common support for Wyatt’s anti-Spanish campaign may best present an objective and accurate view of the rebe llion’s preamble. It was indeed the case that Wyatt only managed to gather around three-thousand Kentish men to lead to London, suggesting that his geographical location in Kent played somewhat to his favour as this is where the majority of anti-Spanish support was located. This may indicate that the rebellion’s support was in fact not at all widespread and that Wyatt was indeed fortunate to gain the support he did.In contrast to Imparato’s source, Pendrill remonstrates that Wyatt’s rebellion was little more than an unorganised march which posed no real threat to Mary or her constitution’s authority. Furthermore, Imparato’s view can be contrasted against that of historian P. J Hammer, who in his ‘Elizabeth Wars: war, government and society in Tudor England’ states that ‘Wyatt chose to surrender rather than risk a pitched battle without local support. Hammer’s source reinforces the idea that sympathy for Wyattâ€℠¢s course was not widespread and was confined to the Kent area. In conclusion, on the basis of the evidence given, historians may view Wyatt’s rebellion to have been an unserious yet revealing challenge to Mary’s authority. Although a severe lack of support and disorganisation had cost Thomas Wyatt from reaching Mary, he had revealed to her the existence of core group of dissenters prepared to die in order to prevent an Anglo-Spanish throne in England.The extent to which Mary responded to the rebellion showed her anxiety and anger at the attempted challenge to her authority and for the execution of ninety rebels (including Wyatt himself), the exile of Courtenay and the executions of Lord Thomas Grey and William Thomas, the Wyatt rebellion should be viewed as ultimately unserious, but instrumental in heightening the anxiety of Mary and the lengths to which she would go to ensure her crown and constitution remained secure.

Troubling The Angels Women Living With Hiv / Aids By...

The book Troubling The Angels: Women Living With HIV/AIDS by Patti Lather (an educator) and Chris Smithies (a psychologist) troubles the dominant cultural and social meanings of HIV/AIDS, and draws attention to women with HIV/AIDS because they are often left out from the dominant rhetoric in the United States. The participants are women in Ohio who are members of four HIV/AIDS support groups that are specifically for women. Although many of the scientific realities and statistics cited in this book are now outdated, the researcher’s methods and their methodology are still an important intervention to feminist research. In this paper, I examine how Lather and Smithies intentionally use certain research methods to trouble the politics representation and knowing, and insider/outsider binary. The methods that I will be focusing on include group interview, participants as an interpretative community, and the usage of â€Å"intertexts†. The salient feature of this research pr oject is that the researchers relied mostly on group interviews, and the book is mostly a transcript of those group interviews. Although the researchers initially intended to conduct multiple individual interviews, after they met with one of the support groups to discuss and explore possible interview questions, the researchers decided to keep this format because of the valuable dialogues that happened in the initial session (Lather and Smithies, 1997, Preface 2). According to Joey Sprague (2005), group interview